{"id":6272,"date":"2024-11-18T09:23:11","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T02:23:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wilimedia.vn\/?p=6272"},"modified":"2024-11-18T09:23:11","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T02:23:11","slug":"me-bau-bi-viem-phu-khoa-8-nguyen-nhan-me-bau-can-biet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wilith.com\/me-bau-bi-viem-phu-khoa-8-nguyen-nhan-me-bau-can-biet\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u1eb9 B\u1ea7u B\u1ecb Vi\u00eam Ph\u1ee5 Khoa: 8 Nguy\u00ean Nh\u00e2n M\u1eb9 B\u1ea7u C\u1ea7n Bi\u1ebft"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u1eb9 B\u1ea7u B\u1ecb Vi\u00eam Ph\u1ee5 Khoa: 8 Nguy\u00ean Nh\u00e2n M\u1eb9 B\u1ea7u C\u1ea7n Bi\u1ebft<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Vi\u00eam ph\u1ee5 khoa khi mang thai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng. Kho\u1ea3ng 10-20% ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef mang thai b\u1ecb vi\u00eam \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1o. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n th\u1ea7m k\u00edn, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn thai nhi v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe m\u1eb9 b\u1ea7u, v\u00ec v\u1eady n\u00f3 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec trong su\u1ed1t thai k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 sau khi sinh.<\/p>\n

Vi\u00eam Ph\u1ee5 Khoa Khi Mang Thai L\u00e0 G\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng vi\u00eam \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1o khi mang thai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 khi n\u00e0o trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 mang thai. Khi mang thai, n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 hormone estrogen v\u00e0 progesterone trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 m\u1eb9 s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean, k\u00e8m theo \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng sinh d\u1ee5c d\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u01b0 sung huy\u1ebft, ph\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1i ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1o, t\u0103ng sinh t\u1ebf b\u00e0o tuy\u1ebfn c\u1ed5 t\u1eed cung, thay \u0111\u1ed5i pH \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1o, gi\u1ea3m s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o lympho B khi\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 c\u1ee7a \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 c\u1ed5 t\u1eed cung b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p vi khu\u1ea9n k\u1ef5 kh\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c vi sinh v\u1eadt\u00a0g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c \u1edf \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1o ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 sinh s\u00f4i m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Tri\u1ec7u Ch\u1ee9ng Vi\u00eam Ph\u1ee5 Khoa Th\u01b0\u1eddng X\u1ea3y Ra \u1ede M\u1eb9 B\u1ea7u:<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\"M\u1eb9<\/figure>\n

Candida l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i n\u1ea5m g\u00e2y vi\u00eam nhi\u1ec5m \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1o. Nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch thay \u0111\u1ed5i, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t glycogen (\u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ) v\u00e0 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 estrogen t\u0103ng l\u00ean. B\u1ec7nh th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n trong k\u1ef3 th\u1ee9 2 v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 3 c\u1ee7a thai k\u1ef3.<\/p>\n

Khi mang thai, c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u vi\u00eam ph\u1ee5 khoa do n\u1ea5m bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • V\u00f9ng k\u00edn ng\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u.\n
      \n
    • Nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00ed h\u01b0 h\u01a1n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n
    • Kh\u00ed h\u01b0 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng nh\u01b0 b\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1ea3y tr\u1eafng b\u00e1m tr\u00ean qu\u1ea7n l\u00f3t.<\/li>\n
    • Kh\u00ed h\u01b0 c\u00f3 m\u00f9i h\u00f4i.<\/li>\n
    • c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c n\u00f3ng r\u00e1t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i ti\u1ec3u ho\u1eb7c quan h\u1ec7 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c.<\/li>\n
    • Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, vi\u00eam \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1o khi mang thai kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n n\u00e0o khi\u1ebfn thai ph\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      D\u1ea5u Hi\u1ec7u Vi\u00eam Ph\u1ee5 Khoa Khi Mang Thai:<\/strong><\/h2>\n
      \"M\u1eb9<\/figure>\n

      M\u1eb9\u00a0b\u1ea7u b\u1ecb vi\u00eam ph\u1ee5 khoa\u00a0c\u00f3 th\u1ec3\u00a0nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1c nhau g\u00e2y ra, v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh s\u1ebd c\u00f3\u00a0c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

      Vi\u00eam \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1o g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi vi khu\u1ea9n:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Vi\u00eam \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1o do vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 BV, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1o do vi khu\u1ea9n g\u00e2y ra. Vi khu\u1ea9n lactobacilli l\u00e0 vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 vi khu\u1ea9n k\u1ef5 kh\u00ed l\u00e0 vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. Lactobacilli chi\u1ebfm ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n k\u1ef5 kh\u00ed, v\u00ec v\u1eady b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa hai lo\u1ea1i vi khu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y. Nh\u01b0ng vi khu\u1ea9n k\u1ef5 kh\u00ed ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i, ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh BV.<\/p>\n

      B\u1ec7nh BV l\u00e0 c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t \u1edf ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef trong \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i t\u1eeb 15 \u0111\u1ebfn 44. Ngo\u00e0i ra, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh l\u00e2y lan ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t \u1edf ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef mang thai, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3ng 1 tri\u1ec7u ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef mang thai m\u1ed7i n\u0103m. BV th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng thu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n

      Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu\u00a0kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ec7nh l\u00e2y lan\u00a0qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng khi mang thai.<\/p>\n

      M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh g\u00e2y ra b\u1ec7nh BV l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 vi sinh \u1edf \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1o, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ec7nh, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

        \n
      • \n
          \n
        • Th\u1ee5t r\u1eeda s\u00e2u trong \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00f9ng k\u00edn sai c\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n
        • Quan h\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/li>\n
        • C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n t\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n
        • L\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1eb7t \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1o ho\u1eb7c kh\u00e1ng sinh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          Theo nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, kho\u1ea3ng 50\u201375% ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef mang b\u1ea7u b\u1ecb vi\u00eam \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng. M\u1eb9 b\u1ea7u quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y:<\/p>\n

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            • Ti\u1ebft d\u1ecbch \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1o b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng,\u00a0t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t lo\u00e3ng,\u00a0c\u00f3 m\u00e0u x\u00e1m ho\u1eb7c tr\u1eafng \u0111\u1ee5c, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 b\u1ecdt v\u00e0 m\u00f9i h\u00f4i tanh kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu<\/li>\n
            • C\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u00fac n\u00e0o trong ng\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu h\u01a1n v\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam v\u00e0 n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 h\u01a1n\u00a0khi quan h\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              Nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng n\u1ea5m men:<\/strong><\/p>\n

              Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m n\u1ea5m men, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh monilosis. Theo th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, c\u1ee9 4 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef th\u00ec\u00a03\u00a0ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd nhi\u1ec5m n\u1ea5m men\u00a0\u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n trong \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn 45% tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng n\u1ea5m hai l\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. Candida albicans l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i n\u1ea5m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i n\u1ea5m men kh\u00e1c l\u00e0\u00a0Candida glabrata v\u00e0 Candida tropicalis.<\/p>\n

              S\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m Candida v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng n\u1ea5m Candida g\u00e2y ra ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n \u1edf thai k\u1ef3. M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho bi\u1ebft n\u1ea5m Candida th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1o kho\u1ea3ng 20% ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef, v\u00e0 con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean 30% khi mang thai. Trong t\u1eebng th\u1eddi k\u1ef3, c\u00e1c hormone estrogen v\u00e0 progesterone thay \u0111\u1ed5i, t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

              M\u1eb7c d\u00f9\u00a0b\u1ecb vi\u00eam \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec5m\u00a0n\u1ea5m men kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i g\u00ec cho m\u1eb9 b\u1ea7u, nh\u01b0ng tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m n\u1ea5m men trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh sinh ng\u1ea3\u00a0\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1o, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft s\u1edbm \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. C\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec5m n\u1ea5m bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n